Okay, so I managed to produce an Ubuntu launcher that will work for this movie.
First off, I downloaded
the GameMaker 2022.6 installer (for Windows) that is available on the official website, and installed it.
Afterwards, I created an Opera account (since YoYo Games has been bought by Opera) and then subscribed to the Creator tier, which allows you to create an Ubuntu launcher. Then, I created a dummy project with pretty much nothing in it.
I followed this setup guide to install all the required stuff in my Kubuntu 22.04 VM. Note that it mentions you need an Indie subscription or above; however, as mentioned above, a Creator subscription is enough.
After installing all of the required stuff on Ubuntu, I set up my target as follows:
Platform: Ubuntu
Output: VM
Device: my Kubuntu VM (you need to click on the pen to bring up the device editor, where you fill everything in. The host name is the IPv4 address given by the VM's network connection.)
Config: Default
However, and this is not mentioned
anywhere in the guide, I also needed to edit
/etc/ssh/sshd_config to uncomment the following lines:
PubkeyAuthentication yes
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys .ssh/authorized_keys2
...as well as add the line
PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes +ssh-rsa. Otherwise, it will just error out, as has happened to me for a while.
After it's all set up, I just create the executable. The output will be an .AppImage file, which is basically like a ZIP archive. The executable is found in
usr/bin.
And finally,
here is the ZIP archive of my dummy project containing the executable (and the assets folder, which isn't needed, but I included it for completeness sake). Note that the MD5 hash is different; however, it shouldn't make any difference.