TASK: you stay in position X. You have jump, and walk. Both has different accelerations by X. Time in jump differs by C time pressed after jump. Needs to set X at range[a,b]. After this, I can make zip through wall. (Or want to test).
Is this script able to make right positioning? I want X to be in range [0,2] as fast as possible, and keys: C,Left,Right press/release in any time. Something like that... I don't see how to configure it out. EDIT: you always run whole input from start. You can make savestates (in memory) at events.
Part of the strength of my program is that the value in question is totally customizable. Use it to your advantage!Language: lualocal function ThisAddress() val = memory.readbyte() --Put the address you're interested in here. if val>=0 and val<=2 then return 1 else return 0 end end IWant=ThisAddress ToBe='equal to' --{'minimized','maximized','equal to','less than','greater than','at least','at most'} -- If ToBe in {'minimized','maximized'}... AndTheBestIveDoneIs=0 InThisManyFrames=0 -- Elseif ToBe in {'equal to','less than','greater than','at least','at most'} ThisValue=1 AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs=
In any case, right now when I'm trying to run the script, there is a couple of errors. So far, I think you forgot to post the DepthFirstSearch function, or maybe I missed something?
We want to minimize its value, so we'll set ToBe like so:Language: lualocal function ThisAddress() return memory.readbyte(0x00CE) end
And we want to the height of the jump to be at least 93 (setting this value higher will not affect the output of the script):Language: luaToBe='minimized'
Now we need to know how many frames must pass before checking the result. This is nontrivial, so I'll just do a back-of-the-envelope calculation. It takes about 30 frames for Mario to reach his peak height. If two jumps are fully executed, that would be about 60 frames. Let's tack on another 30 frames in case Mario needs a running start. That means we need to change the script like so:Language: luaAndTheBestIveDoneIs=93
Because this is a minimization/maximization problem, the values of ThisValue and AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs are irrelevant. Let's take a moment to read back the contents of what we put in. In plain English, it should now read, "I want this address (00CE) to be minimized and the best I've done is 93 in 90 frames." Sounds good! Now for the hard part. We need to establish the pattern of the button presses. We're only using one player, so the first element of each element of UsingTheseButtons will be 1. That simplifies it a bit. It seems like it would be a good idea to have Mario run left immediately. Therefore, our first two events are quite simple:Language: luaInThisManyFrames=90
which tells the script to hold left and B at the start of the script's execution, with no exceptions. (The last element of each, 'start', could be equivalently replaced with 's', '[start,start]', 0, '0', 'start+0', or any number of other strings, including almost absurd ones like 'sasquatch'.) Now what? We want Mario to begin his jump at some later frame. By doing a quick test, we can determine that he needs at least a little running start or else he will fall short of the wall. After a few trials, we find that Mario needs about 20 frames of running before beginning his jump. Furthermore, we can see that if we jump too late (after 30 frames), we hit the wall as we're going up. Therefore, we want to press A somewhere between 20 and 30 frames after the start. I'll modify those bounds to 18 and 32 frames so that there's a little forgiveness in case my estimates were off. This comes at the expense of making the program run 1.4 times longer. Here's what the third event will be:Language: luaUsingTheseButtons[1]={1,'Left','on','start'} UsingTheseButtons[2]={1,'B','on','start'}
How long do we want to hold A for? It takes about 30 frames to reach the maximum height of the jump, so it doesn't make sense to hold it longer than that. On the other hand, we want at least a moderately high jump, so let's hold A for at least 20 frames. Note that both of these bounds are written with respect to when we started holding A. Our next event is:Language: luaUsingTheseButtons[3]={1,'A','on','[18,32]'}
Here, event3 refers to UsingTheseButtons[3]. We release A between 18 and 30 frames after it was first pressed. Finally, we need to press A again to execute the walljump itself. By running right, we find that we hit the wall at around frame 4096, 59 frames after the Lua script begins executing. Let's press A a second time either on that frame or one of the subsequent three frames, like so:Language: luaUsingTheseButtons[4]={1,'A','off','[event3+18,event3+30]'}
Note the close parenthesis there. Like interval notation in mathematics, it means exclude 63 from the interval. That means we'll be pressing A on frames 59, 60, 61, and 62. After entering all of this, the top of our script should read:Language: luaUsingTheseButtons[5]={1,'A','on','[59,63)'}
Based on all the intervals we input, how many iterations will this script run through? The first two events don't contribute any iterations because they always execute at a fixed time. Event 3 runs over 15 possibilities, event 4 runs over 13 possibilities, and event 5 runs over 4 possibilities. Therefore, the number of iterations will be 1*1*15*13*4 = 780 iterations. At 90 frames per iteration (one-and-a-half seconds at 100% speed), it will take about 20 minutes to run through all iterations. Of course, you'll want to go through at turbo speed, so it will actually take just a minute or two to finish. Now run the script! You'll see Mario run to the wall and jump over and over again. If you look carefully, you'll notice that each time, his motion is subtly different as the script runs through all the possibilities you gave it. Eventually, he'll successfully execute the walljump! After all iterations are complete, it executes the button presses that produced the best results (in this case, Mario reaches a height of 13 after 90 frames). *Whew!* You may be asking yourself at this point, "Was all of this effort worth it?" For a well-documented trick like walljumping in Super Mario Bros., no, of course it isn't. But suppose you don't know that walljumping is possible. For example, walljumps were discovered in Yoshi's Island when NxCy and Baxter were already well into their TAS. They had to go back and redo much of their run to incorporate the new trick. If they had my script as well as a notion that walljumping might be possible given the right timings, they could have executed my script and seen in a matter of minutes how to perform a walljump. But that's just the tip of the iceberg. Any goal that is well-defined by the RAM and does not rely on too many button presses with loose restrictions can be thoroughly and exhaustively optimized for the input paramters. The sky's the limit! This script is about as powerful as what you put into it. For those of you who would like to execute the script on the savestate without editing it yourself, here it is in its entirety:Language: lualocal function ThisAddress() return memory.readbyte(0x00CE) end IWant=ThisAddress ToBe='minimized' AndTheBestIveDoneIs=93 InThisManyFrames=90 ThisValue=0 AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs=0 UsingTheseButtons={{1,'Left','on','start'}, {1,'B','on','start'}, {1,'A','on','[18,32]'}, {1,'A','off','[event3+18,event3+30]'}, {1,'A','on','[59,63)'} }
Language: lua-- * * * PARAMETERS * * * -- By default, ThisAddress just returns the value of a single address. However, you can have it return any function of any number of addresses. local function ThisAddress() return memory.readbyte(0xCE) end IWant=ThisAddress ToBe='minimized' --{'minimized','maximized','equal to','less than','greater than','at least','at most'} -- If ToBe in {'minimized','maximized'}... AndTheBestIveDoneIs=93 InThisManyFrames=90 -- Elseif ToBe in {'equal to','less than','greater than','at least','at most'} ThisValue=0 AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs=0 --frames UsingTheseButtons={{1,'Left','on','start'}, {1,'B','on','start'}, {1,'A','on','[18,32]'}, {1,'A','off','[event3+18,event3+30]'}, {1,'A','on','[59,63)'} } -- * * * FUNCTIONS * * * local function tablecopy(t1) local t2={} if not(type(t1)=='table') then t2=t1 return t2 end for k,v in pairs(t1) do if type(v)=='table' then t2[k]=tablecopy(v) else t2[k]=v end end return t2 end local function getframeadvancefunction() if FCEU or bizstring then return emu.frameadvance elseif gens then return gens.emulateframeinvisible else print("Unrecognized emulator.") end end local function jpset(player, buttons) if FCEU or gens then joypad.set(player, buttons) elseif bizstring then -- BizHawk's joypad.set convention is "backwards". WTF, BizHawk? joypad.set(buttons,player) else print("Unrecognized emulator.") end end -- Takes a character code (from a string) and returns true if it corresponds to a numeral. local function isnumeral(charcode) return (charcode>=0x30 and charcode<=0x39) end -- Extracts the first number from a string. For example, running this function on the string "event48blah19" will return 48. local function getnumber(str) local numstart=nil local numend=nil for i=1,string.len(str) do if isnumeral(string.byte(str,i)) then if not(numstart) then numstart=i numend=numstart local j=i+1 while isnumeral(string.byte(str,j)) do numend=j j=j+1 end end end end if not(numstart) then error('No number found!') end local valuetext=string.sub(str,numstart,numend) local value = tonumber(valuetext) return value end -- Parses one of the bounds in an interval, returning the frame value. You would run this function on, say, "(event2+10," to return index[2]+10+1. -- It isn't necessary to type "event", "start", or "finish" in full, it just looks for the first match. Watch out, though, because parsebound('[safe+2,') will return index[2]+2, not 2. local function parsebound(str,index,maxframes) local value=-1 if string.find(str,'e') then --Bound defined relative to event. value=index[getnumber(str)] local plus=string.find(str,'+') if plus then local plusthis=string.sub(str,plus) value=value+getnumber(plusthis) end elseif string.find(str,'f') then --Bound defined relative to finish. value=maxframes local minus=string.find(str,'-') if minus then local minusthis=string.sub(str,minus) value=value+getnumber(minusthis) end elseif string.find(str,'s') then --Bound defined relative to start. Note that because of the elseif statement above, this won't be triggered by "finiSh". value=0 local plus=string.find(str,'+') if plus then local plusthis=string.sub(str,plus) value=value+getnumber(plusthis) end else --Bound defined by number. "+" not allowed! value=getnumber(str) end if string.sub(str,1,1)=='(' then value=value+1 end if string.sub(str,-1)==')' then value=value-1 end return value end -- Parses interval notation into start and finish times. local function parseinterval(UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,maxframes) interval = UsingTheseButtons[depth][4] if type(interval)=='number' then --If interval is just a number, then low and high are both equal to that number. low=interval high=interval elseif string.sub(interval,1,1)=='[' or string.sub(interval,1,1)=='(' then --The interval is explicitly defined in this case. local comma=string.find(interval,',') if not comma then error('Expected comma to define interval.') else local lowerbound=string.sub(interval,1,comma) local upperbound=string.sub(interval,comma) low=parsebound(lowerbound,index,maxframes) high=parsebound(upperbound,index,maxframes) end else --If no interval is explicitly defined, then the interval is taken to be implicit and both low and high are set equal to the output of parsebound acting on interval in its entirety. low=parsebound(interval,index,maxframes) high=low end --This is a little forgiving to the user. Perhaps their interval was defined improperly, such that the lower bound surpassed the upper bound. if high<low then high=low end return low,high end -- Compares IWant with Value according to function specified by ToBe local function check(IWant,ToBe,Value) if not(Value) then return nil end if ToBe=='minimized' then return (IWant()<Value) elseif ToBe=='maximized' then return (IWant()>Value) elseif ToBe=='equal to' then return (IWant()==Value) elseif ToBe=='less than' then return (IWant()<Value) elseif ToBe=='greater than' then return (IWant()>Value) elseif ToBe=='at least' then return (IWant()>=Value) elseif ToBe=='at most' then return (IWant()<=Value) else error('Invalid string for ToBe.') end end -- IWant refers only to the current frame, which isn't useful when checking nodes with branches. Therefore, this function directly compares an old value with a new value, based on ToBe. local function check2(newvalue,ToBe,oldvalue) if not(newvalue) then return nil end if ToBe=='minimized' then return (newvalue<oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='maximized' then return (newvalue>oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='equal to' then return (newvalue==oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='less than' then return (newvalue<oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='greater than' then return (newvalue>oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='at least' then return (newvalue>=oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='at most' then return (newvalue<=oldvalue) else error('Invalid string for ToBe.') end end -- Executes the actual button presses and checks if it is superior to previous attempts. -- The output of this function depends on the string in ToBe. If the string is "minimized" or "maximized", it returns the value. If the string is something else, it returns the number of frames. -- If it doesn't beat the current record, the output is nil. local function attempt(presses,IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,frameadvance) if ToBe=='maximized' or ToBe=='minimized' then for frame=0,#presses do for player=1,2 do --Edited for BizHawk support. Try to come up with a solution for all emulators. jpset(player, presses[frame][player]) end frameadvance() end if check(IWant,ToBe,Value) then return IWant() end else for frame=0,#presses do if frame<maxframes then if check(IWant,ToBe,Value) then return frame end end for player=1,2 do jpset(player, presses[frame][player]) end frameadvance() end end return nil end -- Uses UsingTheseButtons and index to construct a table of button presses, then passes that table to the attempt function to execute them. -- presses[frame][player][button]. local function pressbuttons(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,state,frameadvance) local presses={} for frame=0,maxframes do presses[frame]={} for player=1,2 do --Edit the number of players here. presses[frame][player]={} end for i=1,#index do if frame>=index[i] then local OnOrOff = (UsingTheseButtons[i][3]=='on') --Set button if "on", reset otherwise. presses[frame][UsingTheseButtons[i][1]][UsingTheseButtons[i][2]]=OnOrOff end end end output=attempt(presses,IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,frameadvance) savestate.load(state) return presses,output end -- local function DepthFirstSearch(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,state,frameadvance) depth=depth+1 local bestpresses,attemptframes,attemptValue,presses low,high=parseinterval(UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,maxframes) if depth==#UsingTheseButtons then for i=low,high do --if i>maxframes then return end --Any input after maxframes is irrelevant and shouldn't be checked. index[depth]=i if ToBe=='minimized' or ToBe=='maximized' then presses,attemptValue=pressbuttons(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,state,frameadvance) if attemptValue then Value=attemptValue bestpresses=tablecopy(presses) end else presses,attemptframes=pressbuttons(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,state,frameadvance) if attemptframes then maxframes=attemptframes bestpresses=tablecopy(presses) end end end else for i=low,high do --if i>maxframes then return end --Any input after maxframes is irrelevant and shouldn't be checked. index[depth]=i if ToBe=='minimized' or ToBe=='maximized' then presses,attemptValue=DepthFirstSearch(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,state,frameadvance) if check2(attemptValue,ToBe,Value) then Value=attemptValue bestpresses=tablecopy(presses) end else presses,attemptframes=DepthFirstSearch(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,state,frameadvance) if attemptframes<maxframes then maxframes=attemptframes bestpresses=tablecopy(presses) end end end end if ToBe=='minimized' or ToBe=='maximized' then return bestpresses,Value else return bestpresses,maxframes end end -- * * * BASE CODE * * * if ToBe == 'minimized' or ToBe == 'maximized' then Value=AndTheBestIveDoneIs maxframes=InThisManyFrames else Value=ThisValue maxframes=AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs end frameadvance=getframeadvancefunction() depth=0 index={} if bizstring then state1="state1" else state1=savestate.create() end savestate.save(state1) presses,best=DepthFirstSearch(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,state1,frameadvance) if presses then for frame=0,#presses do print('Frame: '..frame) for player=1,2 do print('Player ' .. player .. ' buttons: ',presses[frame][player]) jpset(player, presses[frame][player]) end frameadvance() end if ToBe=='minimized' or ToBe=='maximized' then print('Best value: ' .. best) else print('Fewest frames: ' .. best) end else print('No improvement found!') end if FCEU or gens then emu.pause() elseif bizstring then client.pause() end --This function works. It will serve as a template for the final function. --[=[ local function DFS(G,index,depth) depth=depth+1 if G[depth][1] == 'abs' then low=G[depth][2] high=G[depth][3] elseif G[depth][1] == 'rel' then low=index[G[depth][2]] + G[depth][3] high=index[G[depth][2]] + G[depth][4] end if depth==#G then for i=low,high do index[depth]=i for j=1,#index do print(index[j]) end print('Next!') end else for i=low,high do index[depth]=i DFS(G,index,depth) end end end G={{'abs',0,5},{'rel',1,6,16},{'rel',2,8,20}} --G={{'abs',0,1},{'rel',1,10,11},{'rel',2,100,101}} depth=0 index={} DFS(G,index,depth) ]=]-- --[[ {{,,'[start,start+20]'}, {,,'[event1,event1+5]'}, {,,'[event2+10,event2+20]'}} for i=0,20 do for j=i,i+5 do for k=j+10,j+20 do end end end index={} function makeloops(events,index,depth) if depth==#events then for else depth=depth+1 end end Wikipedia pseudocode: procedure DFS(G,v): label v as discovered for all edges from v to w in G.adjacentEdges(v) do if vertex w is not labeled as discovered then recursively call DFS(G,w) ]]-- --[[ UsingTheseButtons has elements with the structure {player,button,'on'/'off',timing} where timing is a string based solely on PREVIOUS events in the UsingTheseButtons vector as well as the start frame (0) and end frame (InThisManyFrames/AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs). Examples of timing: '[start,finish]' -- Test all frames. '[start,37]' -- Test all frames from start to frame 37, inclusive. '(start,37)' -- Test all frames from start to frame 37, exclusive. '[15,37]' -- Any frame from 15 to 37, inclusive. '[event 2,finish]' -- Any frame after event 2 has begun, where event 2 is the second element of the UsingTheseButtons vector. This can be used to force, for example, shooting only after jumping. '[event 2+37,finish]' -- No, that doesn't mean event 39. It means wait at least 37 frames after event 2 has finished. ('[event 2-37,finish]') -- I'm not sure I want to program this, since each event's timing is supposed to depend on PRIOR events. It should always be possible to put them in order. In total, the UsingTheseButtons table might look like this: UsingTheseButtons={{1,'A','on','[start,finish]'}, {1,'A','off','(event 1, finish]'}, {1,'right','on','[37,60]'}, {1,'up','on','[event 3+2,event 3+2]'}, {1,'right','off','[40,finish]'} } which means try pressing A on any frame, hold it for any interval (release A any time AFTER pressing it), hold right beginning sometime between frames 37 and 60, hold up beginning exactly 2 frames after holding right, and release right sometime between frame 40 and the end of input. Up will be held until the end of input. Later events override conflicting earlier events. Generally, it's a good idea to define the timing of 'off' commands with respect to their earlier 'on' counterparts. ]]--
How to use it: I'll post an example of this script's use after I'm finished writing this post. Here is a formal description of how to use the script. Focus your attention on the uppermost section of the script, in the section labeled "PARAMETERS". Everything you input will be there. 1) Decide what constitutes "success". What addresses are involved? If there is just one address you're interested in, put it in the memory.readbyte() function on line 4. If you're interested in some function of more than one memory address, you'll need to rewrite the entire ThisAddress function. 2) What do you want to do with the value you programmed? Do you want it to be maximized or minimized? Do you want it to be equal to, greater than, less than, at least, or at most some value? Pick one of those options and put that corresponding string on line 8, variable ToBe. 3) Suppose you want to minimize or maximize the value. Then the script needs a benchmark from which to start, as well as a number of frames after which to check. These are defined on lines 10 and 11 as variables AndTheBestIveDoneIs and AfterThisManyFrames. (Note that AndTheBestIveDoneIs is largely irrelevant, since the script will keep trying inputs and replacing its value as it runs.) You can then make ThisValue and AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs whatever values you want; those variables will not be used. 4) Suppose instead you want to compare the address with some predetermined value. Input the value you wish to compare it with on line 13 as ThisValue. The script needs to know how long it will have to run for, so input the number of frames at which to check on line 14 as AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs. Since you aren't minimizing or maximizing the address, you can make AndTheBestIveDoneIs and AfterThisManyFrames on lines 10 and 11 whatever you want. Their values will not be used. 5) Finally, here's the hard part. You need to tell the script what buttons to use. That's done on line 16 under table UsingTheseButtons. Each element is another table with four elements. The first element is the player number. The second is the button (as a string) to press/release. The third is either 'on' or 'off', specifying that the button is to be pressed or released respectively. The last element is tricky. It uses mathematical interval notation. You need to specify the interval over which the button might be pressed or released. This can be done absolutely (relative to 'start'=0 frames) or relatively (relative to any prior event). For relative timings, type "event", followed by a number. The number specifies which element of UsingTheseButtons the timing is relative to. For example, if we enter '[event2+8,event3+12]', that means the button is pressed/released no sooner than 8 frames after the second button is pressed/released and no later than 12 frames after the third button is pressed/released. For an example of how all of these are entered, see the comment at the bottom of my script. Briefly reflect on all the values you entered. It's supposed to be easy to interpret in plain English. We entered either, "I want this address (_____) to be {minimized/maximized} and the best I've done is ______ in ______ frames using these buttons: _____," or, "I want this address (_____) to be {equal to/less than/greater than/at least/at most} ______ and the fastest I've done it is _____ frames using these buttons: _____." Make sense? Now save the script and run it during the relevant part of the game. The script will run through all iterations consistent with the bounds you gave it. When it is done, it will execute the button presses that gave it the best result and output those presses to the Lua console for your convenience. Possible improvements: Very few, I'm proud to say! This script already does just about everything I want it to. As usual, my coding is sloppy and could probably be much more concise. I would like to combine the check and check2 functions into one function and I would also like to allow the user to input the address they're interested in directly into the definition of IWant (both of these changes should be easy). I also should expand the script to allow for three or four player games. This is a very powerful script, so if you think that it's not up to some task, it's probably because you haven't yet figured out how to use it to its full potential. Nevertheless, if you have any suggestions, please let me know. Finally, I'd like to thank FatRatKnight for helping me debug the script when it was almost finished.Language: lua-- * * * PARAMETERS * * * -- By default, ThisAddress just returns the value of a single address. However, you can have it return any function of any number of addresses. local function ThisAddress() return memory.readbyte() --Input the address you're interested in here. end IWant=ThisAddress ToBe='' --{'minimized','maximized','equal to','less than','greater than','at least','at most'} -- If ToBe in {'minimized','maximized'}... AndTheBestIveDoneIs= --Input a value of that address that you think this script can beat. InThisManyFrames= --How many frames should each iteration run for? The script will check for success after this many frames. -- Elseif ToBe in {'equal to','less than','greater than','at least','at most'} ThisValue= --Input the value that you'd like to compare the address to. AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs= --Input a number of frames that you think the script can beat. UsingTheseButtons={{}} --Input the buttons you'd like to use. Each element of UsingTheseButtons is a table. The first entry is the player, the second is the button, the third is 'on' or 'off' depending on whether you'd like to press or release the button, and the fourth is the interval (absolute or relative) over which you'd like the script to check. See my comment at the bottom of this script for examples of how to enter it. -- * * * FUNCTIONS * * * local function tablecopy(t1) local t2={} if not(type(t1)=='table') then t2=t1 return t2 end for k,v in pairs(t1) do if type(v)=='table' then t2[k]=tablecopy(v) else t2[k]=v end end return t2 end -- Takes a character code (from a string) and returns true if it corresponds to a numeral. local function isnumeral(charcode) return (charcode>=0x30 and charcode<=0x39) end -- Extracts the first number from a string. For example, running this function on the string "event48blah19" will return 48. local function getnumber(str) local numstart=nil local numend=nil for i=1,string.len(str) do if isnumeral(string.byte(str,i)) then if not(numstart) then numstart=i numend=numstart local j=i+1 while isnumeral(string.byte(str,j)) do numend=j j=j+1 end end end end if not(numstart) then error('No number found!') end local valuetext=string.sub(str,numstart,numend) local value = tonumber(valuetext) return value end -- Parses one of the bounds in an interval, returning the frame value. You would run this function on, say, "(event2+10," to return index[2]+10+1. -- It isn't necessary to type "event", "start", or "finish" in full, it just looks for the first match. Watch out, though, because parsebound('[safe+2,') will return index[2]+2, not 2. local function parsebound(str,index,maxframes) local value=-1 if string.find(str,'e') then --Bound defined relative to event. value=index[getnumber(str)] local plus=string.find(str,'+') if plus then local plusthis=string.sub(str,plus) value=value+getnumber(plusthis) end elseif string.find(str,'f') then --Bound defined relative to finish. value=maxframes local minus=string.find(str,'-') if minus then local minusthis=string.sub(str,minus) value=value+getnumber(minusthis) end elseif string.find(str,'s') then --Bound defined relative to start. Note that because of the elseif statement above, this won't be triggered by "finiSh". value=0 local plus=string.find(str,'+') if plus then local plusthis=string.sub(str,plus) value=value+getnumber(plusthis) end else --Bound defined by number. "+" not allowed! value=getnumber(str) end if string.sub(str,1,1)=='(' then value=value+1 end if string.sub(str,-1)==')' then value=value-1 end return value end -- Parses interval notation into start and finish times. local function parseinterval(UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,maxframes) interval = UsingTheseButtons[depth][4] if type(interval)=='number' then --If interval is just a number, then low and high are both equal to that number. low=interval high=interval elseif string.sub(interval,1,1)=='[' or string.sub(interval,1,1)=='(' then --The interval is explicitly defined in this case. local comma=string.find(interval,',') if not comma then error('Expected comma to define interval.') else local lowerbound=string.sub(interval,1,comma) local upperbound=string.sub(interval,comma) low=parsebound(lowerbound,index,maxframes) high=parsebound(upperbound,index,maxframes) end else --If no interval is explicitly defined, then the interval is taken to be implicit and both low and high are set equal to the output of parsebound acting on interval in its entirety. low=parsebound(interval,index,maxframes) high=low end --This is a little forgiving to the user. Perhaps their interval was defined improperly, such that the lower bound surpassed the upper bound. if high<low then high=low end return low,high end -- Compares IWant with Value according to function specified by ToBe local function check(IWant,ToBe,Value) if not(Value) then return nil end if ToBe=='minimized' then return (IWant()<Value) elseif ToBe=='maximized' then return (IWant()>Value) elseif ToBe=='equal to' then return (IWant()==Value) elseif ToBe=='less than' then return (IWant()<Value) elseif ToBe=='greater than' then return (IWant()>Value) elseif ToBe=='at least' then return (IWant()>=Value) elseif ToBe=='at most' then return (IWant()<=Value) else error('Invalid string for ToBe.') end end -- IWant refers only to the current frame, which isn't useful when checking nodes with branches. Therefore, this function directly compares an old value with a new value, based on ToBe. local function check2(newvalue,ToBe,oldvalue) if not(newvalue) then return nil end if ToBe=='minimized' then return (newvalue<oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='maximized' then return (newvalue>oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='equal to' then return (newvalue==oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='less than' then return (newvalue<oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='greater than' then return (newvalue>oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='at least' then return (newvalue>=oldvalue) elseif ToBe=='at most' then return (newvalue<=oldvalue) else error('Invalid string for ToBe.') end end -- Executes the actual button presses and checks if it is superior to previous attempts. -- The output of this function depends on the string in ToBe. If the string is "minimized" or "maximized", it returns the value. If the string is something else, it returns the number of frames. -- If it doesn't beat the current record, the output is nil. local function attempt(presses,IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes) if ToBe=='maximized' or ToBe=='minimized' then for frame=0,#presses do for player=1,2 do joypad.set(player,presses[frame][player]) end emu.frameadvance() end if check(IWant,ToBe,Value) then return IWant() end else for frame=0,#presses do if frame<maxframes then if check(IWant,ToBe,Value) then return frame end end for player=1,2 do joypad.set(player,presses[frame][player]) end emu.frameadvance() end end return nil end -- Presses the buttons prescribed by UsingTheseButtons and index. -- presses[frame][player][button]. local function pressbuttons(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,state) local presses={} for frame=0,maxframes do presses[frame]={} for player=1,2 do --Edit the number of players here. presses[frame][player]={} end for i=1,#index do if frame>=index[i] then local OnOrOff = (UsingTheseButtons[i][3]=='on') --Set button if "on", reset otherwise. presses[frame][UsingTheseButtons[i][1]][UsingTheseButtons[i][2]]=OnOrOff end end end output=attempt(presses,IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes) savestate.load(state) return presses,output end -- local function DepthFirstSearch(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,state) depth=depth+1 local bestpresses,attemptframes,attemptValue,presses low,high=parseinterval(UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,maxframes) if depth==#UsingTheseButtons then for i=low,high do --if i>maxframes then return end --Any input after maxframes is irrelevant and shouldn't be checked. index[depth]=i if ToBe=='minimized' or ToBe=='maximized' then presses,attemptValue=pressbuttons(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,state) if attemptValue then Value=attemptValue bestpresses=tablecopy(presses) end else presses,attemptframes=pressbuttons(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,state) if attemptframes then maxframes=attemptframes bestpresses=tablecopy(presses) end end end else for i=low,high do --if i>maxframes then return end --Any input after maxframes is irrelevant and shouldn't be checked. index[depth]=i if ToBe=='minimized' or ToBe=='maximized' then presses,attemptValue=DepthFirstSearch(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,state) if check2(attemptValue,ToBe,Value) then Value=attemptValue bestpresses=tablecopy(presses) end else presses,attemptframes=DepthFirstSearch(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,state) if attemptframes<maxframes then maxframes=attemptframes bestpresses=tablecopy(presses) end end end end if ToBe=='minimized' or ToBe=='maximized' then return bestpresses,Value else return bestpresses,maxframes end end -- * * * BASE CODE * * * if ToBe == 'minimized' or ToBe == 'maximized' then Value=AndTheBestIveDoneIs maxframes=InThisManyFrames else Value=ThisValue maxframes=AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs end depth=0 index={} state1=savestate.create() savestate.save(state1) presses,best=DepthFirstSearch(IWant,ToBe,Value,maxframes,UsingTheseButtons,index,depth,state1) if presses then for frame=0,#presses do print('Frame: '..frame) print('Buttons: ',presses[frame][1]) for player=1,2 do joypad.set(player,presses[frame][player]) end emu.frameadvance() end if ToBe=='minimized' or ToBe=='maximized' then print('Best value: ' .. best) else print('Fewest frames: ' .. best) end else print('No improvement found!') end emu.pause() --[[ UsingTheseButtons has elements with the structure {player,button,'on'/'off',timing} where timing is a string based solely on PREVIOUS events in the UsingTheseButtons vector as well as the start frame (0) and end frame (InThisManyFrames/AndTheFastestIveDoneItIs). Examples of timing: '[start,finish]' -- Test all frames. '[start,37]' -- Test all frames from start to frame 37, inclusive. '(start,37)' -- Test all frames from start to frame 37, exclusive. '[15,37]' -- Any frame from 15 to 37, inclusive. '[event 2,finish]' -- Any frame after event 2 has begun, where event 2 is the second element of the UsingTheseButtons vector. This can be used to force, for example, shooting only after jumping. '[event 2+37,finish]' -- No, that doesn't mean event 39. It means wait at least 37 frames after event 2 has finished. ('[event 2-37,finish]') -- I'm not sure I want to program this, since each event's timing is supposed to depend on PRIOR events. It should always be possible to put them in order. In total, the UsingTheseButtons table might look like this: UsingTheseButtons={{1,'A','on','[start,finish]'}, {1,'A','off','(event 1, finish]'}, {1,'right','on','[37,60]'}, {1,'up','on','[event 3+2,event 3+2]'}, {1,'right','off','[40,finish]'} } which means try pressing A on any frame, hold it for any interval (release A any time AFTER pressing it), hold right beginning sometime between frames 37 and 60, hold up beginning exactly 2 frames after holding right, and release right sometime between frame 40 and the end of input. Up will be held until the end of input. Later events override conflicting earlier events. Generally, it's a good idea to define the timing of 'off' commands with respect to their earlier 'on' counterparts. ]]--
Holy crap, yeah. I remember watching Morimoto's SMB3 run back in college. It's, uh, it's been awhile since then. ...now I feel old.
Just mentioning that I have given up on the run until someone magically shows up and solves this crap for me, I just can't stand it. Thanks for the effort, Omnipotent (He actually sent me a PM with some notes, sadly I didn't manage to solve it anyway). Sorry.
SpaceSniffer - Windows - Head over heels the best "what's using my disk space?" application I've used. Even properly supports filesystem links so no more infinite recursions.
I have been using SequoiaView for that purpose, but I might give that a try.
PowerCalc - Windows - From the Microsoft Windows XP Powertoys. Easily my favorite calculator software. Supports binary/hex/dec input/output.
I ran into this problem recently, I'm not sure it actually has an answer as I cannot find one, but perhaps my math simply isn't strong enough. Given a sequence of 19 pre-defined numbers, for simplicity sake, lets say 1-19. Is there a sensible way (like an algorithm) to get all possible re-ordered sequences of the given numbers?
1, 1, 1, 1, 15, 4, 3, 2, 11, 1, 1, 1, 1
2, 1, 1, 1, 1
3, 1, 1, 1, 1
4, 1, 1, 1, 1
5, 1, 1, 1, 1
1, 2, 1, 1, 1
2, 2, 1, 1, 1
3, 2, 1, 1, 1
4, 2, 1, 1, 1
5, 2, 1, 1, 1
1, 3, 1, 1, 1List = {6, 7, 8, 9, 10} --This is the original list.
Bins = {4, 2, 2, 1, 1}
Permutation = {} --The final output is just the empty set so far.
--The first element in Bins is 4, so take the 4th element of List and insert it in Permutation:
Permutation = {9}
--Remove the fourth element of List because we can't use 9 in our permutation anymore:
List = {6, 7, 8, 10}
--(This could be done with Lua's table.remove function or some other programming equivalent. Also note that algorithmically, it may be helpful to remove the first element of Bins so this entire process is done using table.remove and table.add.)
--Now repeat the process. The second element of Bins is 2, so insert the second element of List into Permutation:
Permutation = {9, 7}
Don't forget to remove 7 from List:
List = {6, 8, 10}
Finishing the last three steps:
Permutation = {9, 7, 8}
List = {6, 10}
Permutation = {9, 7, 8, 6}
List = {10}
Permutation = {9, 7, 8, 6, 10}For example, concatenating the digits of every number one after the other
and doing it twice if it contains only 1s
I have been thinking about my toast at breakfeast lately. If I pick N slices in order from the bag, toast them and randomly place them in a stack on my plate, what is the chance that all slices touch on the same sides as in the bag? That is either in the same order as in the bag, or the reverse order. And each slice can be flipped face the other way. They must either all not be flipped or must all be flipped, depending on if the slice order is reversed or not.
It is weird, I never got my movies desyncing when I disable the sound (and I disable it really often). I think it would be good if you put the gmv which gives you such behavior.
Maybe post the movie file you used and see if someone else has that problem as well.
Yes vote, suggestion Moons, and also suggesting that a Knuckles any% done on S3&K obsolete this.
How to use the script: First, choose an FM2 movie or a GMV movie. Then, decide whether you would like to read the button presses from the movie file, write a series of button presses to the movie file, or both. I've commented out the basic features of the script at its end. You'll need to uncomment whatever you want to do. To read an FM2 movie file: • Uncomment the line starting "buttons=fromFM2(...". • Replace the default file path ("C:/someFM2file.fm2") with whatever movie you'd like to open. • Uncomment the print(buttons) line if you'd like to see the button presses in the Lua console. To read a GMV movie file: • Uncomment the line starting "buttons=fromGMV(...". • Replace the default file path ("C:\\someGMVfile.gmv") with whatever movie you'd like to open. • Uncomment the print(buttons) line if you'd like to see the button presses in the Lua console. To write an FM2 movie file: • Uncomment the line beginning "toFM2(...". • Pick a source for your buttons table. This means either using the fromFM2 function or uncommenting the first line with a sample buttons table ("buttons={{{},{}..."). This is the first argument. • Pick a destination file for your new FM2 movie. This is the second argument (default is "test.fm2"). If you do not have a third argument, this file must already exist. • Optionally, pick a source file from which to pluck the header information. This is the third argument. The third argument is used if you want to copy, instead of replace, a movie file and you still want to preserve things like the emulator settings and rerecord count. To write a GMV movie file: • Uncomment the line beginning "toGMV(...". • Pick a source for your buttons table. This means either using the fromGMV function or uncommenting the second line with a sample buttons table ("buttons={{{},{}..."). This is the first argument. • Pick a destination file for your new GMV movie. This is the second argument (default is "test.txt"). If you do not have a third argument, this file must already exist. • Optionally, pick a source file from which to pluck the header information. This is the third argument. The third argument is used if you want to copy, instead of replace, a movie file and you still want to preserve things like the emulator settings and rerecord count. Things to do: • Implement six-button controls in the GMV movie format (X, Y, Z, and mode are automatically presumed/set to false). • Implement commands and other formats specified here. • Expand to include other movie formats (BKM will likely be a priority). I probably won't be doing any of this, except by request or as I have need to, so just give the script a run, tell me how you like it, and make a request and I can probably add it in a couple of hours. Edit: Apparently T stands for sTart, not selecT. I've switched those two buttons (but I have not re-tested the script).Language: lualocal function fromFM2(filename) local movie=io.open(filename) if not(movie) then print("File does not exist.") return end io.close(movie) local buttons={} --List of buttons in the order that they appear in the FM2 file. local buttonlist={"right","left","down","up","start","select","B","A"} local frame=1 for line in io.lines(filename) do if string.find(line,"|") then buttons[frame]={} for player=1,2 do buttons[frame][player]={} local start=9*player-6 for i=1,#buttonlist do if not(string.sub(line,start+i,start+i)==".") then buttons[frame][player][buttonlist[i]]=true end end end frame=frame+1 end end return buttons end local function fromGMV(filename) local movie=io.open(filename) if not(movie) then print("File does not exist.") return end local buttons={} --List of buttons in the order that they appear in the GMV file. local buttonlist={[0]="up","down","left","right","A","B","C","start"} movie:seek("set",64) str = movie:read("*a") for frame=1,math.floor(string.len(str)/3) do buttons[frame]={} for player=1,2 do buttons[frame][player]={} local binbuttons=string.byte(str,3*frame-3+player,3*frame-3+player) --This is really just NOT(binbuttons)... binbuttons=XOR(binbuttons,255) for i=0,#buttonlist do if AND(binbuttons,2^i)>0 then buttons[frame][player][buttonlist[i]]=true end end end end return buttons end --The headerfilename argument is optional. If it's there, the code plucks its header and creates a new file. If it's absent, the movie MUST replace an existing file. local function toFM2(buttons,filename,headerfilename) local buttonlist={"right","left","down","up","start","select","B","A"} local buttonlistFM2={"R","L","D","U","T","S","B","A"} if headerfilename then local from=io.open(headerfilename) local to=io.open(filename,"w+") local data=from:read("*a") to:write(data) to:flush() io.close(from) io.close(to) end local movie=io.open(filename,"r+b") local str=movie:read("*a") local starthere=string.find(str,"|") movie:seek("set") header=movie:read(starthere-1) io.close(movie) movie=io.open(filename,"w+") movie:write(header) for frame=1,#buttons do presses="|0|" for player=1,2 do for i=1,#buttonlistFM2 do if buttons[frame][player][buttonlist[i]] then presses=presses..buttonlistFM2[i] else presses=presses.."." end end presses=presses.."|" end presses=presses.."\n" movie:write(presses) end io.flush(movie) end local function toGMV(buttons,filename,headerfilename) local buttonlist={[0]="up","down","left","right","A","B","C","start"} local header="" if headerfilename then local from=io.open(headerfilename) header=from:read(64) io.close(from) else local from=io.open(filename) header=from:read(64) io.close(from) end local to=io.open(filename,"w+") to:write(header) for frame=1,#buttons do local presses="" for player=1,2 do local pressnum=0 for i=0,#buttonlist do if not(buttons[frame][player][buttonlist[i]]) then pressnum=pressnum+2^i end end presses=presses..string.char(pressnum) end presses=presses..string.char(255) to:write(presses) end io.flush(to) end --buttons=fromFM2("C:/someFM2file.fm2") --buttons=fromGMV("C:\\someGMVfile.gmv") --print(buttons) --buttons={{{},{}},{{["A"]=true},{["B"]=true}},{{["up"]=true},{["down"]=true}},{{["left"]=true},{["right"]=true}},{{["start"]=true},{["select"]=true}},{{},{}}} --buttons={{{},{}},{{["A"]=true},{["B"]=true}},{{["up"]=true},{["down"]=true}},{{["left"]=true},{["right"]=true}},{{["start"]=true},{["C"]=true}},{{},{}}} --toFM2(buttons,"test.fm2","C:/SomeDirectories/someFM2file.fm2") --toGMV(buttons,"test.txt","Test.gmv") --Format of buttons table: buttons[frame][player][button]
It has some differences with your code. Try copying and pasting it and working from that framework. Report back if you figure out what the problem was. (My money is on the equals sign, as DeHackEd mentioned, provided that you copied your code accurately.)Language: luastate1=savestate.create() savestate.save(state1) --[[ a bunch of code emu.frameadvance() some more code ]]-- savestate.load(state1)
I think that in his zealousness to be politically correct, someone has forgotten to be human.
The next mission is really easy too.